Understanding of how Linux was originated The WritePass Journal

Comprehension of how Linux was started Comprehension of how Linux was started INTRODUDCTIONABSTRACTUNIXLINUS AND LINUXHow Linux was developedHow Linux was diffused.Where the Original subsidizing did came from?What occurred about the IPR? Was the advancement patented?Why is Linux Successful?Effects of Linux on the MarketThe Effect of Linux on the Society.ConclusionABSTRACTRelated INTRODUDCTION Linux, the leader of open source programming (OOS) (Applewhite, 2003), has been accounted for to be the critical power that has fortified some creating nations in the innovation map.(Wilburn 1997; UNCTAD 2002). It is supposed to be the spine for quickening the development of low pay countries’ IT businesses and it plan to expand their inclination to enhance. The primary point ofâ this paper is to increase a comprehension of how Linux was begun. How it diffused fromâ the trailblazer to its present situation on the S bend. We endeavor to accomplish this by evaluating its piece of the overall industry and the conditions that lead to its prosperity. Conceptual Linux is a working framework that started from Unix working framework. This paper dissects how it came to fruition, how it was created and diffused. It likewise accentuates on the situation of the advancement on the S bend, how fruitful the item was, its impacts available and on the general public. UNIX So as to comprehend the prominence of Linux, we have to make a trip back to 30years prior when PC use to be as large as a stone or a football arena. While the size of those PCs was an issue, one thing exacerbated it even. Each PC needs to run on a particular working framework. Having the option to work with one framework doesn't promise you could work with another. Accordingly, it was troublesome both for the clients and the framework managers. Innovatively the world was not so progressed, so they needed to adapt to the size of the PC for one more decade. In 1969, a group of engineers in Bell Lab research centers began taking a shot at answer for programming issues and they grew new working framework which was (Machtelt Garrrels, 2008) basic and rich Written in the C programming language rather than in gathering code Ready to reuse code. The Bell Labs engineers named their venture â€Å"UNIX†. The code reusing highlights were significant. Up to that point, all PCs were composed on an uncommon code produced for one framework. Unix then again required just a little piece of that extraordinary code, which is currently ordinarily named the Kernel. (Machtelt Garrels, 2008). The working framework and every single other capacity were worked around this part and written in a higher programming language, C. This language was explicitly made for the UNIX system.â Using this procedure, it was simpler to build up a working framework that sudden spike in demand for a wide range of kind of equipment. LINUS AND LINUX By the start of the 90s home PC were ground-breaking to run on out and out UNIX (M. Tim Jones, 2005) Linus Torvalds, a software engineering understudy at the University of Helsinki in Finland figured it would be a pleasant plan to have a kind of unreservedly accessible scholarly form of UNIX, thus, he began to code.â He began by creating gadget drivers and hard-drive get to, and by September he had a fundamental structure he called Version 0.01 (Ramesh Bangia at el, 2007). This Kernel which is called Linux was joined with the GNU framework to deliver a total free working framework. Torvalds discharged an open source code for linux, which permit anybody to get to and change the source code at no cost (Sander Van Vugt, 2009). Thus, any individual who has the information on linux can alter and change the framework. Linux turned out to be most well known working framework in light of its free source circulation and similarity with different fittings (Vijay Shekhar, 2006). How Linux was created (Nicholas Wells, 2003) On January 5, 1992, Linux Version 0.12 was discharged, an improved, stable portion. At that point another Version 0.95 was discharged to mirror the way that it was turning into the full-included framework. From that point onward, Linux turned into an underground truth with a developing gathering of appropriated software engineers that create and upgrade the source code benchmark right up 'til the present time. Torvalds discharged Version 0.11 under his very own freeware permit plan, however then discharged Version 0.12 under the entrenched GNU General Public License and more programming was made for Linux throughout the following couple of years (Richard L. Petersen, 2005). Linux kept on improving during the 90s and began to be utilized in enormous scope application like systems administration, database serving and demonstrating prepared for creation use (Richard Petersen, 2008). Adaptation 2.2 which is a significant update of Linux Kernel was discharged in 1999. In 2000, most PC organizations bolstered Linux in one way or the other, perceiving a typical standard that could at long last reunify the broke universe of the Unix wars (Micheal H. Jang, 2003). The following significant discharge was Version 2.4 in January 2001, which furnishes similarity with forthcoming ages of Intel’s 64-Bit Itanium processor PCs (Micheal H. Jang, 2006). How Linux was diffused. The dispersion of a development is viewed as a social procedure where the creative thought or item is received because of the presence of various sorts of adopter classes (Owen, 1991). Sheth (1998) set that the key factors that, which impact the penchant to oppose or embrace a development, are, the apparent dangers related with receiving the advancement, and the degree of propensity change in embracing the development. In exploring the dissemination of Linux, dispersion happened when the apparent monetary and execution dangers, and the adjustments in propensity that were required to utilize the item were obviously low and allowed to a huge populace of customers. Linux has a low all out expense of possession (TCO). A study directed in the U.S., Brazil, France, Germany, Sweden and Japan, for example demonstrated that half of the respondents saw Linux having a lower TCO (N Kshetri, 2005) Think about the underlying venture. The cost of Microsoft’s passage level working framework was  £50 in 2002. Taking  £300 as the normal cost of a PC, it adds up to 15% of the all out expense of a PC. Linux, then again can be unreservedly downloaded or bought with an ostensible appropriation expense. Linux’s cost sparing potential is all the more engaging clients from creating nations. PCs with Linux as the working framework seem to be, progressively alluring in creating nations. For example, LG Electronics, the South Korean global sells Linux-based work area in India at costs lower than brands utilizing business working frameworks (N Kshetri, 2005). Linux was effectively diffused from the phase of trailblazers through the fragments that in the long run make up most of adopters in light of its free and open source working framework. Clients and designers of Linux can undoubtedly get to and alter the source code at no expense. Another key factor that quickens the dispersion of Linux is its capacity to run on old machines. (Dim 2000) Linux can even sudden spike in demand for 486 chips machine dissimilar to Microsoft Windows XP Professional that requires at least 233 MHz processor and 64 MB of RAM. This bit of leeway of Linux is progressively significant for clients in creating nations. In numerous urban communities and areas, neighborhood affiliations known as the Linux User Groups (LUGs) assists with diffusing this free programming. They hold gatherings and give free showings, preparing, specialized help and working framework establishment to new clients. (Erricos John, et al 2002) expressed that the selection of Linux was because of the interpersonal organization made out of pioneers, early adopters, early majority†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦and dispersion for this situation could be social spine that brings down the danger of utilizing this innovation.â The pace of dissemination has ascended from the trailblazers to the late lion's share as appeared in the dissemination bend. (See fig 1). Where the Original financing did originated from? After the arrival of Linux by Linus Torvalds, the source code was made accessible on the web for any individual who needs to build up the product. The trailblazer neither structures a turn out organization nor sells the thought. The source code was made accessible on the web and designers began growing new forms of Linux. What occurred about the IPR? Was the advancement protected? Linux was created as an agreeable Open Source exertion over the web. So no organization or establishment has command over it. Most Linux programming is created as Open Source programming. This implies the source code is unreservedly disseminated alongside the application (Richard Petersen, 2007). Developers over the web add to a product bundle advancement by changing and revising the source code. Linux is an open source working framework. Its source code is remembered for all conveyance and is uninhibitedly accessible on the web (Aries Technology Inc, 2003-2007). There are other significant programming ventures that are open source, for example KDE and GNOME. The Netscape Communicator Web program bundle has additionally become open source, with its source code uninhibitedly accessible on web (Neil Smyth, 2010). Open source programming is secured by open licenses. These keep business organizations from assuming responsibility for open source programming by including a couple of adjustments, copyrighting those progressions and selling the product as their own item. The most mainstream open permit is the GNU General Public License gave by the free programming establishment. This is the permit that Linux is disseminated under (Dr Mukesh Dhunna et al, 2010). The GNU General Public License holds the copyright, uninhibitedly permitting the product with the note that the product and change made to it will consistently be unreservedly accessible. Be that as it may, there are other open permit made to help various types of open source ventures, for example the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) lets business application utilizes GNU authorized programming libr

Brief View of Buddhism on Different Perspectives Essay Example for Free

Brief View of Buddhism on Different Perspectives Essay Buddhism in China was not first invited. Individuals had various assessments on Buddhism. To dissect the reactions to the spread of Buddhism in china by who communicates to the crowd, why a few people trust Buddhism is better for the nation, and why some trust Buddhism is awful for China. Contingent upon what timeframe they lived in, changed the assessment of the individuals who communicated their sentiment to the crowd. (Report 2) Zhi Dun is a Chinese Scholar, creator, and a high official. During around 350 C.E Northern China was attacked by Central Asian Steppe Nomads. There is war between the Asian Steppe Nomads and Zhi Dun accepts that in the event that you have faith in Buddhism and have the correct expectations, you can arrive at nirvana. (Report 3) This record is composed by an Anonymous Chinese Scholar that communicates his supposition to the individuals of China. This is during around 500 C.E., which was during the hour of unsteadiness and disunity. He composed this record secretly on the grounds that he was frightful of what others think. They probably won't concur with his thought. (Record 6) The ruler reaction is toward the individuals of china. This is during 845 C.E, which is after the supreme structure is reestablished and he is stating that they don’t need Buddhism. Albeit a few people concur with Confucianism, individuals think Buddhism helped China. (Record 1) In this report, it discusses the four Noble Truths. It shows how everybody endures and the best way to dispose of enduring is to dispose of your wants. This was the first message lectured by the Buddha in Quite a while during the fifth century. This record was composed to convince those to become Buddhists and follow the lessons. (Archive 2), this record clarifies how on the off chance that you have the correct expectations, at that point you will arrive at Nirvana. This helps alleviation the individuals of china. (Record 5), Zong Mi, a Buddhist researcher said that Buddhism helped China. He said that the Buddha showed numerous lessons and in result, it supported the flawlessness of good deeds. Despite the fact that Buddhism may appear to be useful for China, others accept that it destroyed the nation. Typically the higher classes thought Confucianism was better. This is on the grounds that the lower classes are to regard the higher class. Han Yu is a Confucian Scholar and authority of the Tang magnificent court. This is during the 819 C.E. he says Buddhism didn’t even start from China. He likewise says that Buddhism has nothing to do with the nation and the way of life. (Report 6), this is during 815 C.E. This is the timeframe after the flimsiness and disunity of china. China is reestablished and they have a supreme standard, Tang Emperor Wa. His demeanor towards Buddhism is enraged. Since China is reestablished, he has confidence in Confucianism and Legalism, so there is no requirement for Buddhism. He even clarifies that Buddhism is childish. Everything they do is eat and ponder, not helping the nation by working. To examine the reactions to the spread of Buddhism by watching the individuals who communicated their supposition to the individuals of China. It contrasted relying upon what timespan they lived in. it depended in the event that they lived in the hour of precariousness and disunity or when china was reestablished. Others accept that Buddhism helped China. They accept that it helped China during the hour of flimsiness and disunity. During this timeframe, there was an intrusion against the Asian steppe migrants in around 350 C.E. Buddhism helped comfort those that were doing battle by saying that they can arrive at nirvana. Despite the fact that Buddhism helped China, higher authorities and Confucius accept that it destroyed the nation. This is on the grounds that during 845 C.E. they had a sovereign. They didn’t need Buddhism any longer since they had a head and china is bound together by one pioneer once more. A missing voice that is required in the archive segment is an individual that doesn't communicate their assessment to people in general, similar to a private voice, for example, an individual putting something down in a journal. The second voice that is required is the normal people’s feeling in China. This will show which theory they are pulling for during a timeframe. The third voice ought to be a historian’s see during their timeframe, so it shows how he deciphers it.

Write and Earn †the Magazines You Can Write for

Compose and Earn †the Magazines You Can Write for One of the key issues present day specialists face is to locate a solid and generously compensated activity. Searching for quite great open doors you may go over different alternatives, yet the majority of them can barely furnish you with a steady and sufficiently high salary. Regardless of this reality there are distributions that offer significant compensations for an excellent substance. To turn into a colleague of such distributions isn't a simple undertaking and it might require some investment, yet at the same time along these lines you can go to the following degree of your profession. These days we can make reference to a great deal of magazines that are prepared to pay the essayists, however the quantity of magazines that repay the scholars truly well is a lot littler. Beneath you can discover a few magazines composing for which you can acquire $500 or considerably more per an article. Catholic Digest searches for positive and experienced journalists who are keen on making articles on otherworldliness, confidence, ward life, connections, marriage and child rearing. You can rely on $500 for the article of 1500 words after its distribution. VQR is an open door for the individuals who are genuinely occupied with writing and distributing. This diary offers entirely great cash, that’s why they completely select the materials before they show up on the pages. You can acquire $200 for a sonnet (yet not more than four), 25 pennies for every word for exposition, and $500 for a book survey of 2000-2400 words. On the off chance that a circle of your advantage incorporates natural issues, you can focus on Earth Island Journal. They need an individual who can give research and conversation on squeezing issues, yet in addition on the issues that might become issues of worldwide scale. The subject of the magazine covers different focuses beginning with ecological law and open arrangement and closure with land protection. For the top to bottom print story of 4000 words you can gain from $750 to $1000 (25 pennies for each word). Novice get an opportunity to compose online reports as well, the magazine assesses them at $50-$100. The American Gardener is controlled by the American Horticultural Society, and its readership comprises of experienced beginner plant specialists. The magazine offers $300 †$600 for highlight articles on plant preservation, garden configuration, human plant connections, biodiversity, plant research and plant chasing; plus, sometimes it gives travel and cost repayment. All in all, the normal article of the American Gardener covers 1500-2500 words. The narrative of Boys’ Life began in 1911 gratitude to the help of the Boy Scouts of America. The installment offered by the magazine for verifiable articles fluctuates; the journalists can get $500-$1500 per one article. The magazine manages perusers at age of 6-17 the huge piece of which is cub scouts. The points you can concentrate on aren’t extremely constrained, the key prerequisite is that they ought to be engaging and fascinating for the perusers. The Sun Magazine is particularly intrigued by close to home composition, specifically, expositions, fiction, verse, and meetings, yet it doesn’t mean they don’t acknowledge articles on social and political subjects. The magazine offers various expenses relying upon the sort of compositions, so you can get $100 - $200 for verse, $300-$1500 for fiction, and $300-$2,000 for meetings and expositions. Early American Life might be enjoyed by history and early American style buffs. They acknowledge both short stories and bits of around 2500 words. The magazine is distributed seven times each year and spotlights on conventions, voyages, collectibles, engineering, and adorning. The editors are happy to see amateurs in their group and pay a $500 installment for the principal material. Writers’ income increment in corresponding with the improvement of their aptitudes.

An Assessment of Nhif Utilization in Kiwanja Market Free Essays

string(125) liable for social medical coverage, giving mandatory health care coverage to laborers in the conventional segment (Abd et al. AN ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILIZATION OF NHIF BY RESIDENTS OF KIWANJA MARKET, KAHAWA WEST LOCATION, KASARANI DIVISION IN NAIROBI. Introduced by: Ann Mwangi Registration number: I30/2160/2006 An exploration proposition submitted in fractional satisfaction of the necessities for the honor of the level of Bachelor of Science (nursing and general wellbeing) in the school of wellbeing studies of Kenyatta University. February, 2010. We will compose a custom article test on An Assessment of Nhif Utilization in Kiwanja Market or on the other hand any comparative subject just for you Request Now Revelation STUDENT’S DECLARATION This proposition is my unique work and has not been introduced for any scholarly honor in some other University or school. Signature†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Name: Ann Mwangi Registration number: I30/2160/2006 SUPERVISOR’S DECLARATION This proposition has been submitted for audit with my endorsement as a college boss. Mark †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Date†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Name: Mrs. Makworo Department: Nursing sciences. Shortened forms AND ACRONYMS NHIF National Hospital Insurance Fund MOH Ministry of Health CAP Chapter HMOs Health Management Organization UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund KIPPRA Kenya establishment for open arrangement look into exercises and examination OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS Health care-Goods and administrations utilized as contributions to deliver wellbeing. In certain examinations one’s own time and information used to keep up and advance wellbeing are considered in extra to customary sources of info. Utilized interchangeably with Medicare in this examination. Wellbeing support association (HMOs) â€It is an overseen care plan that coordinates financing and conveyance of an exhaustive arrangement of medicinal services administrations to an enlisted populace. HMOs may contract with or straightforwardly utilize medicinal services suppliers. Social protection †It’s an administration protection program in which qualification and premiums are not controlled by the practices normal to private protection contracts. Premiums are frequently financed and there is regularly redistribution from certain portions of the populace to other people. Social insurance financing-Refers to paying or subsidizing of human services administrations gave or to be given. It isn't Medicare as such that buyers need however wellbeing itself. Medicare request is a determined interest for an information that is utilized to deliver wellbeing. Social insurance customers don't simply buy latently from the market, yet rather produce it, investing energy in wellbeing improving endeavors notwithstanding buying Medicare input. Theoretical The National Hospital protection Fund (NHIF) is a significant part of medicinal services financing through social medical coverage in Kenya. It was set up by the administration of Kenya (GoK) in 1966 as a social protection subsidize. At its commencement, the NHIF was intended to help GoK representatives to access more excellent private clinics, in this way easing clog in the free open emergency clinics. The NHIF has chiefly centered around the proper part representatives in the past around four decades. This has left those utilized in the casual area. This examination is endeavors to dissect and comprehend the interest for social medical coverage of the casual division laborers in Kiwanja showcase by surveying their recognitions and information on and concerns with respect to National Hospital Insurance Fund. It will serve to investigate how increasingly casual division laborers could be coordinated into the NHIF conspire. The examination configuration to be utilized will be an elucidating cross-sectional investigation. The region of study is Kiwanja showcase in Kahawa west area. The examination populace will incorporate Kiwanja occupants over 18 years old, and utilized in the casual division. The example size will be 76 as decided utilizing a standard factual recipe and the respondents chose through bunch inspecting. An organized survey will be utilized to gather information. Pretesting of the information assortment device will be done in Kihunguro territory in Ruiru. The information gathered will be entered, coded and entered into factors utilizing SPSS form 12-PC programming and exceed expectations PC bundles. Quantitative information will be broke down utilizing SPSS variant 10 PC programming. Introduction of quantitive data will be finished utilizing factual bundles (diagrams, outlines, tables and pie graphs). The discoveries, ends and proposals of this examination will be significant in defining mindfulness crusades and instructive materials that will empower the occupants of Kiwanja in the casual segment of work to understand the importance of NHIF programs in financing their social insurance. List of chapters DECLARATIONii ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMSiii OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONSiv ABSTRACTv CHAPTER ONE1 1. 0 INTRODUCTION1 1. 1Background to the study1 1. 2Statement of the problem4 1. 3Justification of the study5 1. 4 Research questions5 1. 5 Objectives of the study6 1. 5. 1 Broad objective6 1. 5. 2 Specific objectives6 1. 6 Research assumptions6 1. 7Significance of the study6 CHAPTER TWO7 2. 0 LITERATURE REVIEW7 2. 1 Social wellbeing insurance7 2. 2 Healthcare financing through medical coverage in Kenya9 2. 2. 1 The National Hospital Insurance Fund (NHIF). 10 2. 2. 2 Membership to NHIF10 . 2. 3 Mode of Payment11 2. 2. 4 Benefits and cover11 2. 2. 5 How to get to benefits11 2. 2. 6 Accredited hospitals12 2. 2. 7 Milestones12 2. 2. 8 The eventual fate of NHIF12 2. 3 Factors affecting use of social medical coverage administrations. 13 2. 3. 1 Feasibility examinations of social wellbeing insurance14 CHAPTER THREE20 3. 0 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY20 3. 1 Research design20 3. 2 Study are a20 3. 3 Study population20 3. 4 Inclusion and avoidance criteria20 3. 4. 1 Inclusion criteria20 3. 4. 5 Exclusion criteria20 3. 5 Sampling procedure and test size21 3. 5. 1 Sample size determination21 . 5. 2 Sampling technique22 3. 6 Data assortment procedures22 3. 6. 1 Research instruments22 3. 6. 2 Pre testing22 3. 6. 3 Data assortment process22 3. 7 Data management23 3. 8 Limitations of the study23 3. 9 Ethical considerations23 REFERENCES24 WORK PLAN FOR THE STUDY. 26 BUDGET27 APPENDICES28 INSTRUMENT FOR DATA COLLECTION (QUESTIONNAIRE)28 CONSENT FORM31 MAP OF STUDY AREA32 CHAPTER ONE 1. 0 INTRODUCTION 1. 1Background to the investigation The idea of National Hospital protection Fund (NHIF) is a significant part of medicinal services financing through social medical coverage in Kenya. In a creating nation like Egypt, the Health Insurance Organization (HIO) is noticeable among numerous wellbeing establishments engaged with wellbeing financing and arrangement, and a key player in the country’s wellbeing part change program. It was set up in 1964 as the organization in Egypt answerable for social medical coverage, giving mandatory health care coverage to laborers in the proper division (Abd et al. You read An Assessment of Nhif Utilization in Kiwanja Market in classification Papers , 1997). One of the general objectives of the Government of Kenya is to advance and improve the wellbeing status of all Kenyans by making wellbeing administrations progressively compelling, open, and reasonable. Along these lines wellbeing approach in the nation spins around two basic issues, in particular: how to convey an essential bundle of value wellbeing administrations, and how to back and deal with those administrations such that ensures their accessibility, availability and moderateness to those in most need most medicinal services (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). On accomplishing freedom in 1963, the Government of Kenya (GoK) conceded to giving â€Å"free† wellbeing administrations as a feature of its advancement system to reduce destitution and improve the government assistance and efficiency of the country (GoK press, 1965). This vow was regarded in 1964 with the cessation of the pre-autonomy client expenses, and the presentation of free outpatient administrations and hospitalization for all kids in the general wellbeing offices. Administrations in the general wellbeing offices stayed free for all with the exception of those in work whose costs were met by their bosses (Owino, W. also, Were, M. , 1998). Through money related help from the focal government, procedures were created to extend the wellbeing framework and bolster the whole wellbeing framework. The GoK built up NHIF in 1966 as a social protection finance. At its commencement, the NHIF was intended to help GoK workers to access better private medical clinics, accordingly easing blockage in the free open emergency clinics. The NHIF has chiefly centered around the proper area representatives in the past around four decades. This has left those utilized in the casual part. Basic changes and poor financial development have progressively driven work into the casual and little scope agribusiness divisions where jobs are regularly unreliable and earnings are low and unsure (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). As a method of connecting with those in the casual part and poor people, the administration intends to change the current NHIF to National Social Health Insurance Fund (NSHIF). The point is to guarantee value and access to medicinal services benefits by poor people and those in the casual part, who have been forgotten about throughout the previous forty years that the NHIF has been in presence. It is likewise expected that the new plan will expand social insurance administrations use, which has endured under cost sharing, by stretching out support agreement to likewise cover outpatient care. The present cost sharing will be supplanted by prepaid commitment into the new plan (Kimani, Muthaka, and Manda, 2004). The essential decisions for financing a human services framework are: general incomes, social protection subsidizing, and private protection fina

The Incredible Disappearing LinkedIn Profile - Part II

The Incredible Disappearing LinkedIn Profile - Part II In March, I published an article which now turns out to be Part 1  of this series on the disappearing acts LinkedIn has been playing. I covered the Summary section, job descriptions, contact information, the Interests section, e-mail subject lines, saved searches, alumni and other top navigation items, tagging and notes, and LinkedIn group features. Since then, many people have written to me with questions about how to find additional “lost” features with the new LinkedIn, so I’m publishing Part II! Here are some of the things you might have noticed have changed or gone missing in the new LinkedIn, plus a correction to the first item. 1. Your summary section. Last month I reported that the first 210 characters (including spaces) are visible when you initially view someone’s profile. It turns out there’s a range of characters that might appear, from about 205 to about 230. Everyone’s profile is different, and it’s not exactly clear why. Fewer characters appear on the mobile app than on the desktop app, so make sure you write a great hook in your first 10-15 words! Here’s what my summary looks like on desktop: And here it is on mobile: Test yours and make it look great! And make sure to put a unique selling proposition in your first 10-15 words so you grab attention quickly. 2. Advice for contacting. There used to be an option under your Contact Information section to write a few lines about whom you want to contact/connect with you and why. It no longer exists sorry folks! 3. Creating and viewing secondary language profiles. Several people have written to me to say they can’t figure out how to add a profile in a second language. Don’t worry â€" the feature is still there! It has just moved. Check out the right-hand column to find the option to “Create a profile in another language.” Here’s what the screen will look like: And here’s your list of language choices: What HAS disappeared, at least for now, is the ability to view someone’s secondary language profile directly from their primary language profile. As LinkedIn said to me when I asked about this issue, “The ability to see other members [sic] secondary language profiles has not been fully re-implemented back into the new user interface.” If you happen to know or strongly suspect that someone has a profile in a second language, I encourage you to Google their name with the word “LinkedIn” â€" such as “Juan Ortiz LinkedIn” â€" to discover all profiles under that name. If they have an uncommon name you will likely find their multiple profiles. If they have a common name, it will be more difficult. You could also write to the person to ask if they can provide the profile URL for their secondary language profile. 4. Saved posts and suggested reading. LinkedIn has talked a big talk about the option to save articles and get suggested reading, but how do you do it? Both of these options are located on the mobile app only. To save articles on your phone, open the article you want to save and click on the ribbon icon in the upper right. Or you may need to click the 3 dots first: The article will automatically save. See the LinkedIn Help article on  saving, retrieving, and deleting articles on Pulse. For feed preferences, click on the gear to the right of your search bar when viewing your profile to reveal an Account tab and a Feed Preferences option under that. Click on the gear to go here: Click on Feed Preferences to get to this screen: Click “Follow fresh perspectives” and you’ll be able to follow people who post articles on the topics of your choice. 5. “Trending Storylines.” LinkedIn has been promoting this feature for quite a while, without mentioning that there might not be anything on your desktop or mobile app that actually says “Trending.” On my desktop app, the section says “Suggested for you.” Have you seen a screen that says “Trending”? I’d love to see what that looks like. Please let me know! 6. LinkedIn Groups. I mentioned in my previous article that while LinkedIn Groups are still around, there’s a lot of talk that they might be becoming irrelevant or extinct. What I didn’t cover is how to find them! They are under the catch-all “Work” tab: 7. Controlling the order of your sections. You can no longer rearrange your major sections like Summary, Experience, Education, Volunteer Experience, etc. So you won’t be able to customize your profile based on which sections are most important in your individual experience. While on the one hand I am sad about this change, I also think it makes things easier for readers who know what to expect to see where. You still have the ability to rearrange positions within your Experience section IF you have more than one current position or two positions that cover the exact same time period. To arrange your positions, hover over the 4-bar icon under the pencil icon and, if you qualify according to the parameters above, you’ll get a plus sign with arrows that you can click on to drag and drop the position you want to move. 8. Profile Strength Meter â€" and 100% Complete Profiles You’ll be able to see your own strength meter when you’re viewing your own profile, but you can no longer see anyone else’s profile strength. Additionally, there is no longer such thing as a “100% Complete Profile.” The best you can do is aim for “All-Star” status, if you’re not already there, by answering the questions LinkedIn presents to you when you log in. Okay, those are the main items that have come up since March. What else did I miss? Please ask any additional questions you may have about the new LinkedIn redesign. I promise to answer them if there are enough to warrant a Part 3!